Biosurfactants for cosmetic application: Overcoming production challenges
Kaelynn Jean Williams
Abstract
In recent years many average consumers have become aware of the dangers of chemically synthesized products on the environment and for human health. In turn, the production of products from natural sources is on the rise. Biosurfactants are amphiphilic compounds created from a wide variety of microbes and are valued for their emulsifying, foaming, and wetting agents. They lower surface and interfacial tensions effectively and thus far seem to be more safe than chemically synthesized surfactants. Glycolipids are a type of biosurfactant that is extensively studied and may be one of the first types to successfully be incorporated into commercial applications. The sophorolipid in particular is on the brink of being incorporated into several cosmetic applications. These compounds have shown to have properties equally effective as chemical surfactants and have excellent skin compatibility that chemical surfactants lack. The high cost of production is the current challenge hindering industrial production of sophorolipids. Candida bombicola AATC 22214 is the ideal producer organism and has been fermented with several different low-cost substrates in order to find an optimal growth condition resulting in high yields of quality sophorolipids. It has also been genetically manipulated to drastically increase production with development of mutant strains.
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